Card Technology Magazine

Shanghai Subway Riders Loyal to Groove Street
It doesn’t make much economic sense for a taxi driver to install a smart card reader. The meters are expensive, and it’s cumbersome to download the data off the readers. It takes time for you to get your money out of the system -- and, unlike the card issuer, you don’t get to enjoy the benefits of collecting interest on the cash that you customers have deposited on the card in advance.
Card Technology, Feature Article, February 2005